Honing tool



Patented Feb. 18, 1936 Unirse stares uniss PATENT OFFICE HONING TOOL Application May 22, 1933, Serial No. 672,206

17 Claims.

This invention relates to hones which are employed for iinishing cylindrical surfaces to a high degree oi accuracy and quality of finish. The lparticular embodiment of the invention disclosed herein relates to hones which are employed for finishing the bores of deep well pumping barrels, although the same type of hone can be used to equal advantage for honing motor cylinder bores and such other classes of work wherein a substantial honing tool is required for working in a bore of rather limited diameter.

One of the particular objects of this invention relates to a novel means of expanding the honing stones radially by a rotary feeding mechanism.

Another object of this invention contemplates the use of a yieldable means in combination with the rotary feeding mechanism to feed the honing stones radially outward to a desired diameter against an adjustable stop.

This invention has also for its object a provision to render the yieldable feeding mechanism inoperative and maintain the stones in a retracted position.

Another object of this invention relates to the provision of separate flexible driving connections for the hone and the rotary feeding mechanism which have their axes of movement in substantially the same transverse plane.

A further object of this invention resides in the provision of means for indicating to the operator the rate at which the cylinder bore is being enlarged during the honing operation.

Other objects and advantages of this invention will appear in the following description.

Figure l is a side elevation of. the hone in the expanded position.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional View taken on line 2 2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional View showing the rotary feeding mechansm in the retrieved position and taken in a plane perpendicular tothe section shown in Figure 2. i

Figure 4 is an end elevation of the hone looking directly toward the nose end.

Figures 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 are cross-sectional views taken on lines 5 5, 6 6, 1 1, 8 8, and 9 9 respectively in Figure 2.

Referring to the drawing, I indicates a body having a plurality of radially disposed longitudinal slots 2 in which are mounted a like number of stone holders 3. vOn the outer face of each holder 3 there is cemented or secured in any other desired manner, a honing stone 4 of the (Cl. 51 1S4.4)

proper grain and hardness most suitable for the class of Work and material to be honed. The holders 3 are yieldably retained in the slots 2 by means of annular coiled springs 5 positioned in annular grooves formed in the body I and engaging recesses formed at the ends of the holders 3. 'I'he holders are restrained from longitudinal movement by pins 6 or any other suitable shoulders that may be provided. The springs 5-tend to yieldably urge the holders to the retrieved or contracted position.

J ournalled within the bore I formed axially of the body I, there is a rotary cam shaft 8 having two spaced cam or eccentric portions 9 for each stone holder provided in the body. The two spaced cam portions 9 for each stone holder are in different transverse planes from the planes of the cam portions for the other stone holders in order to provide a hone of comparatively small diameter with substantial proportioned structural elements and also for the purpose of facilitating the manufacture of the tool with the highest degree of accuracy and economy. In a hone having four stones it is necessary to have a cam shaft 8 with four sets of eccentrics, or a total of eight. The four sets of eccentrics 9 have the same relative angular relation to correspond to the angular relation of the slots 2 in the body I in order to obtain a precise uniform radial movement of all the stones upon any rotary movement of the cam shaft 8. The radial movement produced by rotation of the cam shaft 8 is transmitted to the stone holders 3 by balls Ill positioned in radial bores formed in the body I at the bottom of the slots 2. A threaded plug I I in the nose portion of the body I closes the open end of the bore 'I.

Since the cam portions 9 for the respective stone holders 3 are in different transverse planes, the cam shaft 8 can be designed for any desired angular travel independently of the number of stone holders disposed around the body. In the conventional type of hone having n abrasive elements spaced around the body, the angular range cf travel for a rotary cam shaft would be limited theoretically to an angle equal to, or less than 360 degrees divided by n; whereas, in the present invention, the range of cam shaft travel may be any angle greater or less than 360 degrees divided by n; however, it is preferable to design the cam shaft to obtain the maximum angular travel to effect the greatest degree of precision in the device.

Between the body I and the drive shaft I2 there is provided a drive sleeve I3 having a universal drive connection with the body I consisting of trunnion pins I4 enga-ging an elongated radial hole I5 in the sleeve I3. A fee-d shaft I1 is axially aligned in the bore I6 of the drive sleeve I3 with the cam shaft 8. The feed shaft and cam shaft are non-rotatively connected by means of a slot and tongue connection at I8 which has its axis of oscillation in substantially the same transverse plane as the axis of the trunnion pins I4.

The feed shaft I1 is normally rotated by means of a coiled. torsion spring lI9 encircling the sleeve I3. One end of the spring I9 is anchored to the sleeve I3 by means of a free end 20 engaging a collar 2| which is adjustably positioned on the sleeve I3 by means of a screw 22 engaging one of a number of circumferentially spaced holes 23 in the drive sleeve I3.

The collar 2| is also drilled with a number of holes 24 to facilitate rotation of the collar for Winding-up the spring I9 to the desired tens'on by means of a spanner Wrench (not shown). The holes 24 have the same angular spacing as the holes 23 in order to enable the operator to know when the screw 22 is aligned with a hole 23 when adjusting the tension of the spring. The live end of the spring I9 is xed to a crescent or U-shaped collar 25 seated against a shoulder 26 on the drive sleeve I3. An outer barrel 21 is mounted over the drive sleeve I3 and has a limited degree of rotary and translatory motion. The U-collar 25 is non-rotatably positioned with reference to the barrel 21 by means of a. key 28 engaging a slot'I in the collar 25. The key connection 2B permits a sliding movement of the barrel 21 with reference to the collar 25. A transverse pin member 29 positively connects the barrel 21 with the feed shaft I1 so that any movement given to the outer barrel is imparted directly to the feed shaft which actuates the cam shaft 8. The drive sleeve I3 has an L-shaped slot 33 provided in its wall to permit the desired rotary and sliding movement of the pin 29 which is imparted by manually gripping .the knurled portion 3I or employing a standard form of Spanner wrench to engage the holes 32 for rotating the barrel. The barrel 21 is provided at one end with-a helical cam face 33 which forms a straight faced stop shoulder 34. A cam collar 35 is non-rotatably but slidably positioned on the drive sleeve I3 by means of key 36 sliding in a keyway 31 formed in the drive sleeve I3. The collar 35 is adjustably positioned longitudinally of the sleeve I3 by means of a micrometer adjusting nut 38 threaded on the sleeve I3. A spring detent 39 is fixed to the nut 38 with the free end engaging notches in the periphery of the cam collar 35. Axial movement of the nut 38 determines the axial position of the cam face on the collar 35 and consequently the allowable rotary movement of the barrel 21.

In referring to directions of rotation the reference position will be considered as looking toward and at the nose end of the hone. To expand the stones the cam shaft is rotated clockwise and consequently the spring I9 is wound to effect a clockwise force on the barrel 21. To retrieve or contract the stones the barrel 21 is rotated counter-clockwise until the pin 29 strikes the end Wall of the L-shaped slot 30 in the drive sleeve I3, and to retain the stones in the retrieved position it is only necessary to slide the barrel 21 outwardly away from the hone until the pin 29 hooks into the recess 40 formed by the L-shaped slot. The face of the pin 29 and the slot 40 are formed with a slight under-cut in order to prevent any accidental movement of the barrel 21 from the retrieved position.

When in the retrieved position the hone is inserted into the piece to be honed and the stones are expanded out into engagement with the cylindrical surface to be honed by releasing the barrel 21 from its latched position. Under the force of the spring I9 the stones are urged yieldably outward with the desired pressure against the surface being honed. The honing operation A.

ing the bore of the work, there is provided along f the face of the cam collar 35 a series of uniform graduations which indicate the amount of hone expansion for some given amount of rotation of the barrel 21. A zero marker is indicated on the cam face of the barrel as a reference point. Due to wear of therstones it becomes necessary to frequently correct the ad-` justments, which operation merely involves rotating the micrometer nut 38 the desired amount to compensate for the wear of the stones.

While we have herein illustrated one preferred i embodiment of our invention, it is to be understood that we do not wish to be limited to the. particular structure shown in the drawing but that our invention is of the full scope of the appended claims and is obviously subject to further varied modifications Without departing from the spirit of our invention.

We claim:

1. A device of the character described comprising in combination, a body having longitudinally extending abrasive elements, means in operative relation with and adapted to expand said abrasive elements, rotatable means having posi-Y tive operating contact with the rst mentioned means for actuating said first mentioned means, axially adjustable means mounted colinearly with the longitudinal axis of the device and co-operat-. ing with said rotatable means to form a stop to adjustably limit the maximum diameter to which said abrasive elements can expand.

2. A device of the character described come prising in combination, a body having longitudinally extending abrasive elements, rotary cam means in operative relation with and adapted f to expand said abrasive elements, rotatable means for rotating said cam means to expand said abrasive elements, axially adjustable means mounted colinearly with the longitudinal axis of the device and co-operating with said rotatable means to form a stop to adjustably limit the maximum diameter to which said abrasive elements can expand.

3. In a honing tool, the combination of a body portion having longitudinal slots, expansibleabrasive elements radially movable in said slots, rotary cam means to expand said elements, a sleeve portion non-rotatably secured to said body portion, rotatable means including a barrel surrounding said sleeve portion to normally urge the rotation of said cam means to move the abrasive elements to the expanded position, a stop collar non-rotatively mounted on said sleeve portion, cam surfaces on the adjacent faces of said barrel and collar co-operating to form the expansion of said abrasive elements mounted uponvsaid member inradially disposed relation thereto, rotary cam means in operative relation with said abrasive elements, actuatingfmeans including a barrel operatively connected with a torsion wound spring for normally and yieldably urging the cam means to rotate and move the abrasive elements outwardly, and means to render said actuating means inoperative when the abrasive elements are in the retrieved or contracted position upon a translatory movement being imparted to said barrel.

6. A device of the character described, comprising in combination, a body member, abrasive elements mounted upon said member in radially disposed longitudinal slots, a rotary cam shaft journalled within an axial bore in said body,

1 radial bores forming openings between the axial member for a distance defined by two longitudinally spaced transverse planes which are common to all of said elements, a rotary cam shaft journalled within the axial bore, a plurality of longitudinally spaced cams formed on the shaft in operative relation with said abrasive elements, said cams being positioned in non-coincident transverse planes, and means to rotate said cam shaft to effect a radial movement of said abrasive elements.

8. A device of the character described, comprising in combination, a body member, a set of abrasive elements arranged -around said member, each element of said set extending longitudinally of the member for a distance dened by two longitudinally spaced transverse planes which are common to all of said elements, rotary cam means including -a plurality of longitudinally spaced rotary cams in operative relation with said abrasive elements, said cams being positioned in noncoincident transverse planes, and means to rotate said cam means to eiTect a radial movement of said abrasive elements.

9. A device of the character described, comprising in combination, a body having longitudinally extending grinding elements, rotary cam means positioned within said body and in operative relation with said grinding elements, a driving sleeve, a universal joint operatively connecting said sleeve to said body, means Within said driving sleeve for rotating said rotary cam means, a universal joint between said latter twomeans having its axis of movement in substantially the same transverse plane with that of the first mentioned universal joint.

l0. In a honing tool, the combination of a body portion, abrasive elements carried by the body portion, a sleeve portion non-rotatively secured Vto' the body portion, means including a rotatable element for expanding said abrasive elements upon rotation being imparted to said rotatable element, means operative throughout the operating range of the Vabrasive elements to impart rotation to said rotatable element, an axially adjustable'indicating stop means including a nonrotatable element mounted axially of the sleeve portion and cooperating with said rotatable element to limit the Amaximum diameter to which said -abrasive elements can expand.

l1. In a honing tool, the combination of a body portion having longitudinally extending abrasive elements, means in operative relation with said elements and adapted to expand said elements, a sleeve portion non-rotatively secured to the body portion, rotatable means mounted axially of said sleeve portion and adapted to actuate the first named means upon rotation being imparted to said rotatable means, an elastic power medium L to impart rotation to said rotatable means, axially adjustable indicating stop means surrounding the sleeve portion and cooperating with said rotatable means to limit the maximum diameter to which said abrasive elements can expand.

12. In a honing tool, the combination of a body portion having longitudinal slots, expansible abrasive elements movable in said slots, operative means including rotary cam means within the body to expand said elements upon rotation being imparted to said rotary cam means, a sleeve portion non-rotatably secured to said body portion, rotatable means mounted axially of said sleeve portion and operatively connected with the rotary cam means, axially adjustable indieating stop means surrounding the sleeve portion and cooperating with said rotatable means to limit the maximum diameter to which said abrasive elements can expand.

13. In a honing tool, the combination of a body portion, abrasive elements carried by the body portion, a sleeve portion non-rotatively secured to the body portion, means including a rotatable element for expanding said abrasive elements, a

barrel mounted on the sleeve portion and opera- 1 tively connected with the rotatable element, a spring collar rotatably mounted on the sleeve portion and engaging a stop shoulder, a torsion wound spring mounted axially of the sleeve portion and anchored at one end to the sleeve portion and at its other end to the spring collar, means including a relative non-rotatable sliding connection between the spring collar and the barrel whereby the torsion spring normally and yieldably urges the rotatable element to rotate and move the abrasive elements outwardly, and means provided for permitting a translatory movement of said barrel to latch the same in an inoperative position when the abrasive elements are in the retrieved or contracted position.

14. A honing tool as claimed in claim 13, in which an extension is formed on said barrel for enclosing the torsion wound spring.

15. A device of the character described, comprising in combination, a body member, abrasive elements mounted in substantially equally spaced angular relation around said member, rotary cam means in operative relation with said abrasive elements, said cam means having separate rotary cam surfaces for-actuating each abrasive element and, means to rotate said rotary cam means, said individual cam surfaces being formed to permit rotation of said cam means through an angle corresponding to the eiective angular operating range of the individual cam surfaces which is greater than 360 degrees divided by the number of angularly spaced abrasive elements,

16. A device of the character described, com.- prising in combination, a body member, abrasive elements mounted upon said member in radially disposed relation thereto, rotary cam means in operative relation with said abrasive elements, actuating means `including a torsion Wound spring and a barrel for normally and yieldably urging the cam means to rotate and move the `abrasive elements outwardly, an extension formed on said barrel for enclosing the torsion lWound spring, and means to render said actuating means inoperative When the abrasive elements are in the retrieved or contracted position upon a translatory movement being imparted to said barrel.

17, In a honing tool, the combination of a body Portion 1h-ving longitudinal slots,V expansible abrasive elements movable in said slots, operative means including :rotary cam means to expand said yelements upon rotation being imparted to said rotary cam means, a sleeve portion nonrotatably secured to said body portion, rotatable means mounted axially of said sleeve portion `and operatively connected with the rotary cam means,

.an elastic power medium to eect rotation of said rotatable means, axially adjustable indicating stop means surrounding the sleeve portion and cooperating with said rotatable means to limit the maximum diameter to which said abrasive elements can expand.

vFRANK L. GILLE'II'.

JOHN S. MORGAN, Jn. 

